Validation of a Sustainable Integrated Agronomic Management (MAIS) plan to improve orange tree productivity in regions affected by Huanglongbing (HLB)

Abstract

Orange cultivation (Citrus X sinensis (L.) Osbeck) is a key activity in the economy of Mexican citrus-growing regions; however, its sustainability is threatened by the spread of Huanglongbing (HLB), an incurable disease associated with reduced productivity and orchard longevity. This research aimed to systematize, apply, and validate a Sustainable Integrated Agronomic Management Plan (MAIS) to mitigate the effects of HLB and strengthen the resilience of the production system. It was implemented in eight demonstration plots located in the municipalities of Álamo Temapache, Veracruz, and Ciudad Fernández, San Luis Potosí. Starting with a technical-productive diagnosis in each plot, technological packages were developed for each one, including foliar and soil fertilization based on soil analysis, sanitary pruning, integrated pest and disease management, and the establishment of cover crops with an agroecological function. The results showed that, at a minimum, average yield doubled and health and sprouting improved, even in orchards with severe infestations. It was concluded that a comprehensive management plan allows for coexistence with HLB while maintaining high production levels.