Corn production in Huamantla, Tlaxcala

Abstract

Corn is one of the most important cereals in the world; actually, its name means “the livelihood of life,” therefore, it is essential to contribute to its production improvement. The objective of the research was to know the conditions of corn production in Huamantla, Tlaxcala, as well as the factors that influence its productivity and profitability to identify proposals for the benefit of the actors involved in its production and marketing. Surveys based on a sampling carried out from September to December 2022, were applied. From the study developed, farmers over 60 years old (66 %) with a 5-year school level and family members who had to emigrate to increase their incomes were mainly identified. They are ejidatarios and sow yellow creole corn under rainfed conditions. They apply inputs empirically; it causes a production cost increase and deterioration of profitability. A negative benefit-cost ratio was obtained. It demonstrates the relevance that farmers give when continuing sowing native corn and allocating it for selfconsumption, prioritizing quality over productivity. However, the grower is required to know the right package and adopt it to achieve higher yield. The main destination of the production is self-consumption, and local marketing is carried out through intermediaries within the region or directly to the tortilla industry. One way to help improve profitability is to add value to grain maize. It was concluded that the benefit-cost indicates losses for the farmer, however, they continue sowing creole corn aimed at the self-consumption, prioritizing quality over productivity, as part of their culture