Palabras clave
conservación de bosques
ingresos forestales
comunidades forestales
experimentos de elección
REDD
Cómo citar
Resumen
La participación de las comunidades forestales en las actividades de conservación de bosques podría aumentar las posibilidades de alcanzar el objetivo de reducir las emisiones causadas por la degradación forestal y mitigar los efectos del cambio climático. La conservación de bosques requiere un cambio (o renuncia) en algunas actividades económicas que tradicionalmente se practican en las comunidades forestales y que contribuyen a la degradación de los bosques. En este estudio se calculan las compensaciones mínimas asociadas a la renuncia de las principales actividades asociadas a la degradación forestal. Para ello, se utilizan datos provenientes de entrevistas con campesinos en la región occidente de México. Los resultados del modelo logit condicional muestran la importancia relativa que los campesinos entrevistados otorgan al sistema agrícola tradicional, pastoreo de ganado y extracción de productos maderables (leña y postes para construcción). Sin una adecuada compensación, las restricciones de estas actividades afectarían al sustento de las comunidades forestales y frenarían la disposición a participar de los campesinos, condicionando el éxito de la conservación forestal. Estos resultados permiten identificar algunos desafíos para las políticas internacionales de mitigación del cambio climático como el de reducción de emisiones por deforestación y degradación forestal (REDD+).
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2020 Armonía Borrego, Rebeca Hernández