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Abstract
From the mid 15th to the late 19th century, the Portuguese and Brazilians built the largest and longest-lasting slave empire in the Atlantic and the Western Hemisphere. Over four centuries, 12.5 million enslaved men and women were transported from Africa to the Americas. Nearly half of them ended up in Brazil. “Brazil has its body in America and its soul in Africa,” said the Jesuit priest Antônio Vieira in the late 17th century. As the last country in the Americas to abolish slavery, 67 years after Mexico and 23 years after the United States, Brazil today has the largest black or Afro-descendant population in the world outside the African continent. Reflections of its history of slavery can be seen in the landscape, the culture, social indicators, behavior, and the faces of the people. It also remains the greatest challenge in building the Brazil of the future.
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