Palabras clave
disponibilidad de nutrientes
fertilización
bosques templados
comunidades microbianas
Cómo citar
##article.highlights##
- El manejo forestal modifica la cantidad y composición de materia orgánica y la actividad microbiana.
- El manejo intensivo causa mayor desequilibrio en los procesos microbianos que los métodos selectivos.
- El manejo intensivo daña la estructura, las reservas de nutrientes y comunidades microbianas del suelo.
- Las afectaciones dependen de la intensidad de biomasa extraída, las condiciones ambientales y del sitio.
Resumen
Introducción: El incremento en la intensidad de cosecha de madera influye negativamente en las funciones ecosistémicas de los suelos en los bosques templados y boreales.
Objetivo: Conocer los impactos de los métodos de manejo forestal intensivos y extensivos sobre las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas de los suelos, y sus consecuencias en los procesos de disponibilidad y estabilización de nutrientes en los bosques templados y boreales.
Resultados y discusión: Los métodos de manejo forestal intensivo pueden generar mayor desequilibrio en los procesos de disponibilidad y estabilización de nutrientes, comparados con los métodos selectivos. El impacto se refleja en el deterioro de la estructura del suelo y en la disminución de reservas de nutrientes y comunidades microbianas. Estos daños afectan la fertilidad y el funcionamiento del suelo, disminuyendo la productividad a largo plazo. Las afectaciones dependen de la intensidad de biomasa extraída, condiciones ambientales y preparación del sitio. Lo anterior hace evidente la necesidad del monitoreo del manejo forestal y su impacto en la ecología del suelo en los bosques templados, que mantenga la productividad a largo plazo y garantice la disponibilidad de los volúmenes de madera.
Conclusión: En México, el impacto del manejo forestal ha sido escasamente analizado y es indispensable comprender los cambios funcionales de los procesos que determinan la fertilidad del suelo y la productividad de los bosques.
Citas
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