Palabras clave
análisis de intensidad
cuerpos de agua
selva
valoración económica
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción. Los cambios en las coberturas y usos de suelo (CCUS) modifican la cantidad y calidad de los servicios ecosistémicos. El valor económico de estos es un indicador de cambio que facilita las actividades de conservación, aprovechamiento y restauración de ecosistemas.
Objetivo. Analizar la dinámica de las coberturas y usos de suelo (CUS) de 2000 a 2020 y estimar el valor de servicios ecosistémicos (VSE) como indicador de la degradación ecológica de la cuenca del río Copalita en Oaxaca.
Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron imágenes Landsat 7 y 8 capturadas durante los años 2000 y 2020, respectivamente. Seis tipos de CUS se identificaron y clasificaron en la cuenca y se hizo un análisis de intensidad. Con base en los valores económicos de biomas, previamente publicados, se estimaron los valores de las CUS y de las funciones de los servicios ecosistémicos de la cuenca.
Resultados y discusión. Existe incremento de las coberturas de bosque (13.23 %), tierras de baja cobertura (494.41 %), construcción (75.35 %) y humedales (38.34 %) y se redujo el área de selva (-48.02 %) y cuerpos de agua (-32.71 %). Los CCUS ocasionaron reducción de 2.21 % del VSE de la cuenca. El VSE de provisión creció (49.10 %) y el de regulación (-12.39 %), cultural (-4.77 %) y de soporte (-3.89 %) disminuyó.
Conclusiones. La reducción del valor económico de las funciones de los servicios ecosistémicos es causada por los efectos de los CCUS en la disminución de selva y cuerpos de agua en la cuenca.
Citas
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