Keywords
biological control; entomopathogens
How to Cite
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction. Cacao is a perennial crop of economic importance in southeastern Mexico, where the black stink bug (Antiteuchus tripterus Fabricius) has been reported as a pest. Control of this insect through entomopathogenic fungi represents a sustainable alternative.
Objective. To characterize and select native isolates of Metarhizium brunneum Petch with biocontrol potential against the black stink bug (A. tripterus) in Tabasco, Mexico.
Materials and methods. Five fungal strains were isolated and characterized based on morphological, molecular, physiological, and pathogenic traits. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using IQ-TREE v2. Mycelial growth (MG), conidial germination (CG), and conidial production (CP) were evaluated at 25, 30, and 35 °C. These variables, along with pathogenicity, were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test (P < 0.05). The time required to reach 50 % (GT50) and 90 % (GT90) conidial germination was estimated using Probit analysis.
Results and discussion. All isolates were identified as Metarhizium brunneum. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed in MG, CP, and pathogenicity. The most favorable temperature range for the fungus was 25 to
30 °C. GT50 ranged from 7.8 to 21.9 h, and GT90 from 9.5 to 27.7 h. Pathogenic effectiveness ranged from 72 to 96 %. Isolates TCCH5 and TCCH8 showed the greatest potential as biological control agents against A. tripterus.
Conclusions. This study reports, for the first time, the pathogenicity of M. brunneum against A. tripterus. Field studies are necessary to evaluate the most promising isolates under natural conditions.
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