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Resumen
Introducción: Conocer el cambio del paisaje y la dinámica del bosque con base en los parámetros topográficos y las actividades humanas es importante para el manejo sostenible de los ecosistemas forestales.
Objetivo: Actualizar el análisis de los cambios en el uso del suelo y cobertura terrestre en Gümüşhane Forest Enterprise en el noreste de Turquía.
Materiales y métodos: Los cambios en las mejoras forestales en un periodo 26 años (1987-2013) se analizaron de acuerdo con las clases de uso de suelo y cobertura terrestre utilizando planes de manejo forestal. Las transiciones temporales entre el uso del suelo y los tipos de cobertura se documentaron y evaluaron con base en los parámetros topográficos y la distancia de los asentamientos, utilizando mapas de elevación y buffers de anillo.
Resultados y discusión: El periodo mostró una rápida mejoría forestal con un incremento de 50,910 ha y tasa de mejora anual de 1.58 %. Mientras que la zona de elevación más arbolada (66.6 % - 40,124 ha) se localizó entre 1,501 y 2,000 m, la tasa de forestación más alta (22.4 % - 13,509 ha) se encontró a una distancia de más de 500 m de las áreas de asentamiento entre 1971 y 2013. Los bosques de Gümüşhane se fragmentaron debido a un aumento de áreas forestales productivas entre 1971 y 2013.
Conclusiones: Se obtuvieron datos importantes sobre la dinámica de los ecosistemas forestales en Gümüşhane Forest Enterprise. Existe un fuerte vínculo entre los cambios en el uso de suelo y la cubierta forestal, la presión social, la distancia de los asentamientos y la clase de elevación.
Citas
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