Keywords
soil
antagonism
Quercus
How to Cite
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify morphologically and molecularly the mycoflora that possesses antagonistic properties on Phytophthora cinnamomi associated to the oak (Quercus spp.) soil forest at El Arrayanal, Colima, and Tecoanapa, Guerrero. Two soil samplings were done in these sites. Soil -root samples around trees with different ages and health conditions in stands affected by P. cinnamo- mi were collected. The fungi were morphologically identified by soil dilution PDA-TS (potato-dextrose- agar-tergitol-streptomycin) technique. With the obtained isolates, in vitro antagonism tests were done. Trichoderma spp, Cordyceps bassiana and Paecilomyces isolates, showed the best biological control by reducing P. cinnamomi development and showing outstanding mechanisms of space competition and mycoparasitism. The fungi were molecularly characterized by amplifying the intergenic region (ITS) of the ribosomal genes by the amplification of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. For the first time C. bassiana, Cladosporium tenuissimun and six Trichoderma species associated with oak forests in Mexico are reported.
References
Agrios, N. G. (2001). Fitopatología. México, D. F: Editorial Limusa.
Ahmed, S. A., Perez-Sánchez, C., Egea, C., & Candela, M. E. (1999). Evaluation of Trichoderma harzianum for controlling root caused by Phytophthora capsici in pepper plants. Plant Pathology, 48, 58–65. doi: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1999.00317.x
Ahrens, U., & Seemuller, E. (1992). Detection of DNA of plant pathogenic mycoplasma like organisms polymerase chain reaction that amplifies a sequence of the 16S RNA gene. Phytopathology, 82, 828–832. http://www.apsnet.org/publications/phytopathology/backissues/Documents/1992Articles/Phyto82n08_828.pdf
Alexander, M. (1980). Introducción a la microbiología del suelo. México: AGT Editor.
Álvarez, S. J. D., & Ferrera-Cerrato, R. (1994). Los microorganismos del suelo en la estructura y función de los agroecosistemas. México: Colegio de Postgraduados.
Alvarado-Rosales, D., Saavedra-Romero, L. de L., Almaraz-Sánchez, A., Tlapal-Bolaños, B., Trejo-Ramírez, O., Davidson, J. M., Quiroz-Reygadas, D. (2007). Agentes asociados y su papel en la declinación y muerte de encinos (Quercus, Fagaceae) en el centro-oeste de México. Polibotánica, 23, 1–21. http://www.herbario.encb.ipn.mx/pb/pdf/pb23/1Encino.pdf
Alvarado-Rosales, D., Saavedra-Romero, L. de L., Almaraz-Sánchez, A. (2008). Primer reporte de Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. asociado al encino (Quercus sp.) en Tecoanapa, Guerrero, México. Agrociencia, 42, 565–572. http://www.colpos.mx/agrocien/Bimestral/2008/jul-ago/art-8.pdf
Barnett, H. L., & Hunter, B. B. (1998). Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi. St. Paul, Minnesota, USA: The American Phytopathological Society.
Barnett, H. L., & Binder, F. L. (1973). The fungal host-parasite relationship. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 11, 273–292. doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.11.090173.001421
Burges, A., & Raw, F. (1971). Biología del suelo. Barcelona, España: Ediciones Omega. Campbell, C. K., Johnson, E. M., Philpo, C. M. T., & Warnock, D. W. (1996). Identification of Pathogenic Fungi. London, UK: Public Health Laboratory Service.
Cibrián-Tovar, D., Alvarado, R. D., & García, D. S. (2007). Enfermedades forestales en México. México: Universidad Autónoma Chapingo.
Dennis, L., & Webster, J. (1971). Antagonistic properties of speciesgroups of Trichoderma III. Hyphal interaction.Transactions of the British Mycologycal Society, 57, 363–369. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(71)80050-5
Domsch, H. K., Gams, W., & Anderson, T. H. (1980). Compendium of Soil Fungi. London, UK: Academic Press. Erwin, D. C., & Ribeiro, O. K. (1996). Phytophthora diseases worldwide. USA: APS-Press. Estudio de Reordenamiento Territorial de Xalpatláhuac. (2004). GEA. AC/PROCYMAF II.
Kubatova, A. (1996). Neglected Penicillium spp. associated with declining trees. In R. A. Samson, & J. L. Pitt (Eds.), Integration of modern taxonomic methods for Penicillium and Aspergillus classification (pp. 299−307). Singapore: Taylor & Francis, Inc.
Kubicek, C. P., & Harman, G. E. (1998). Trichoderma & Gliocladium. Vol. 1 Basic biology, taxonomy and genetics. London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
Lumley, T. C., Gignac L. D., & Currah, R. S. (2001). Microfungus communities of white spruce and trembling aspen logs at different decay stages in disturbed and undisturbed sites in the boreal mixed wood region of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Botany, 79, 76–92. http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/b00-135
Martínez, V. O., Valenzuela, F. E., & Godoy, B. R. (2005). Hongos aislados desde suelos de bosque de Araucaria-Nothofagus después de un incendio en el parque nacional Tolhuaca. Boletín Micologíco, 20, 35–39. http://micologia.uv.cl/images/stories/article/17/1.5araucaria_notofagus.pdf
Moreno, G. S., Martínez, R. A., Encino, F. J., Moreno, G. F., Rauna, T. C., Michel, M. M., & Figura, M. S. (2001). Ejido Lic. Fernando
Moreno Peña. Proceso de Afectación. Declinación del Encino. México: Ecofor. Servicios Forestales de Impacto Ambiental.
Papavizas, G. C. (1985).Trichoderma and Gliocladium: Biology, ecology and potential for biocontrol. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 23, 23–54. doi: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.23.090185.000323
Sharma, G. D. (1981). Effect of fire on soil microorganism in a meghalaya pine forest. Folia Microbiologica (Praha), 26, 321–327. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02927260
Smith, V. L., Wilcox, W. F., & Harman, G. E. (1990). Potential for biological control of Phytophthora root and crown rots of apple by Trichoderma and Gliocladium spp. Phytopathology, 80, 880–885. http://www.apsnet.org/publications/phytopathology/backissues/Documents/1990Articles/Phyto80n09_880.PDF
Soler, A., Grondona, I., Montero, M., López H., Llobell, A., & Monte, E. (1998). Selección de cepas de Trichoderma antagonistas de Phytophthora cinnamomi y Rosellinia necatrix para su aplicación en cultivos de aguacate. Salamanca, España: IX Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Fitopatología.
Steiner, G. W., & Watson, R. D. (1965). Use for Surfactants in the soil dilution and plate count method. Phytopathology, 55, 728–730.
Waterhouse, G. M. (1963). Key to the species of Phytophthora de Bary. UK: Commonwealth Mycological Institute.
White, T. J., Bruns, T., Lee, S., & Taylor, J. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In M. A. Innis, J. J. G. Sninsk, & J. T. White (Eds.), PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications (pp. 315–322). San Diego, USA. Academic Press.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2012 Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales y del Ambiente