Land use change largely depends on the needs of humans. In each region of the country, originally, populations settled in areas where there was the availability of natural resources. This strategy allows residents of these urban areas of raw materials and land to meet their needs. This social and economic growth mechanics demand larger surfaces and volumes of raw materials, based on predation of forests, soils and waters of the region. The degradation of soils by effects of deforestation with the process of change of use, may cause irreversible effects in the water system of the Sierra de Lobos and agricultural and livestock production in the region. Ecological conditions in this region (soils, rainfall and topography) associated with land-use change back the soil vulnerable to degradation. While the areas that have remained with a cover natural or induced, cushions the impact of water and allows a better infiltration, improving the recharge of the aquifer in the area. Finally considered soil classification systems such as usability and the USDA Soil Taxonomy system classes and the FAO-UNESCO (1990), as tools of evaluation and interpretation of soils. Studies conducted with geographic mapping the ground allowed to know the distribution of the classes and units of soil. Surveying soils, consist of a systematic study, description, classification, mapping and interpretation for a specific use of an area, city or State soils (FAO, ISRIC soil, ISSS, 1998). The objective was the development of a diagnostic status that saved the soil from current use of soil by scanned images, in the geographical scope of the natural protected area of Sierra de Lobos. Results show temporary agriculture and irrigation covered the 24.3 % in the year 1970 and 10.5 % in 2007, which means a reduction of a 13.8 % of agricultural use in the studied area, however, noted that these lands that were not already used in agriculture changed to livestock use and are currently set with pasture induced, increasing their surface in a 29.8 % of the total surface. In 1970 the shrub covered a 29.41 % for 2007, saw with 7,768 hectares and of which, surface soil by shrub coverage rose to a 1.8%. This increase represents a change to another activity affects land use in positive or negative way to other processes that occur in the watershed as increase recharge the aquifer mantle or increase soil losses by water erosion.

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